ADA Ramp Slope and Width Standards: Complete Specifications Guide
Ramps are critical for creating accessible spaces, enabling individuals with mobility challenges to navigate elevation changes safely and independently. For a ramp to be ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) compliant, specific slope and width standards must be met to ensure functionality, safety, and ease of use.
Looking for ADA-compliant ramps that meet all specifications? Check out our recommended options:
View ADA-Compliant RampsSlope Standards for Compliant Ramp Designs
The slope, or the incline of a ramp, is one of the most important factors in ensuring accessibility. A properly designed slope ensures that the ramp is safe and manageable for individuals using wheelchairs, walkers, or other mobility aids.
1. Maximum Slope Ratio
- Standard: The maximum allowable slope is 1:12
- Measurement: For every 1 inch of vertical rise, the ramp must have at least 12 inches (1 foot) of horizontal run
- Purpose: A gentle incline minimizes strain for users, making the ramp easier to navigate
Need help calculating the correct slope ratio?
Use Our Slope Calculator2. Exceptions for Limited Space
In certain situations, steeper slopes are permitted for short distances:
- 1:10 slope for ramps with a rise of no more than 6 inches
- 1:8 slope for ramps with a rise of no more than 3 inches
- Note: These exceptions are only allowed in specific conditions
3. Landings for Long Ramps
- Required for ramps exceeding 30 feet in length
- Provide essential resting points for users
- Must be level and properly sized
4. Cross Slope Requirements
- Maximum cross slope: 1:48
- Ensures stability for mobility devices
- Reduces risk of tipping
Width Standards for Compliant Ramp Designs
The width of a ramp is equally important, ensuring there is enough space for mobility devices to pass through safely and comfortably.
1. Minimum Width Requirements
- Standard: Minimum clear width of 36 inches
- Measurement: Excludes handrails
- Purpose: Accommodates wheelchairs, scooters, and walkers
2. Handrail Specifications
- Must not intrude into the 36-inch clear width
- Height requirement: 34 to 38 inches
- Required for ramps with rise greater than 6 inches
Ready to install an ADA-compliant ramp? Browse our selection:
Shop Compliant Ramps3. Passing Space Requirements
- Minimum 60 inches wide at intervals
- Required every 200 feet for long ramps
- Allows safe passing of two mobility devices
Additional Design Considerations
Surface Materials
- Must be stable, firm, and slip-resistant
- Important for wet or icy conditions
- Regular maintenance required
Edge Protection
- Minimum 2 inches high on both sides
- Prevents wheels from slipping off
- Essential for elevated ramps
Level Landings
- Required at top and bottom
- Minimum 60 inches long
- Facilitates safe transitions
Tips for Meeting Standards
- Accurate Measurements: Always verify slope ratios and width requirements
- Professional Installation: Work with experienced contractors familiar with ADA guidelines
- Regular Inspections: Maintain compliance through periodic checks
- Documentation: Keep records of measurements and modifications